Balsam Fir, a Top 100 Common Tree in North America

American Foreign Policy After The Vietnam War - 2605 Words

The Vietnam War was a conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam and its allies in South Vietnam, the Viet Congs, against the western allied government of South Vietnam. The Vietnam War was also part of a larger regional conflict and a manifestation of the Cold War between democracy and communism. The conflicts of the 21st century will be one of the defining moments of the youth of the United States today when it is looked back on it several decades later; in much the same way the Vietnam War defined a generation of youth in the 1960s and the 1970s. Some questions that had arisen from the Vietnam War were how did the communist Vietnamese win against the Super Power of the United States? What were the social movements in†¦show more content†¦The communist party did lead a mass mobilization of peasants which escalated into a revolution. Life was better under the communist party but at the same that the Vietnam economy was becoming liberalized, it was the co mmunist party that mainly benefited from it and not the people. Neale argues that the three main factors that led to the defeat of the United States in Vietnam by the communist forces were because of (1) the peasants’ revolt, led by the Communists and guerillas, in which countless numbers of Vietnamese fought and lost their lives to bring a new and better future to their country; (2) the anti-war movement in the United States; and (3) the GI revolt. There have been many uprisings by the Vietnamese peasants throughout its history of being under repressive and exploitive regimes. Vietnam was traditionally an agricultural society that was self-sufficient and relied mostly on harvesting rice, the most important and abundant crop in Vietnam. Neale states that under the regimes of the French and the Japanese, the Vietnamese economy was exploited for its manpower and its rice. Vietnam experienced a forced-industrialization under the French rule to transform the traditional agrarian society into that of a capitalist society. The forced-industrialization drained the rural society of its

Biology Digestive Systems free essay sample

Biology Mammals Grazing Herbivore: Herbivores digestive systems can consist of one of two types of insides, it can be a foregut fermenter where the Foregut Fermeters has two parts (a tubiform and a sacciform fore stomach) containing lots of microbes. The stomach is bigger than that of a hindgut fermenter considering its usually a bigger animal, the stomach has an extra chamber to help devour glucose from the cellulose (the herbivores diet is largely cellulose and is broken down by the microbes) and nutrients and then produce fatty acids that the animal can use for energy, It also usually has a long small intestine (and usually has small expansions along the intestines to accomodate for so much bacteria), with a a caecum thats not to long and a medium length colon (Microbes can be digested further along the digestive tract and theyre are also a source of protein) Forgut fermenters are usually larger herbivores and forgut fermentation is a slower digestive process. As opposed to, Hindgut fermenters that use bacteria only and fermentation in their hindgut, has the small intestine that is shorter than a foregut fermenters small intestine, the caecum which is usually big and expanded for microbial fermentation and proximal colon which is very long, longer than that of a foregut fermenter. Microbes that are cleaned out cannot be digested properly and protein is lost. Hindgut fermenters are usually the smaller mammals. Even thought its not part of the digestive system teeth are very resourceful for aiding digestion, in all Herbivores they have a Horny pad which helps initially crush the food and a meeseter that is larger than that of a carnivore so it can chew for longer, they have cainines at the front and molars and pre molars that grind at the back, so that the foodis crushed and soft making the break down and digestion of food easier. Example: Cow chews its food for a long time to crush it andmake it easier to digest, then the food moves down the oesophagus to the Rumen (the first partof the stomach where the fermentation occurs, then the next stage it moves to the honeycomb like chamber called the Reticulum (which prepares food for regurtitation), then it regurgitates it back up and starts again, once its been through this stage enough the third part is the omasum, then finally moves onto the abomasum (rennet stomach). Carnivore: Carnivores have very different digestive systems because of the different diet, carnivores eat predominantly meat, so therefore there is more protein and less cellulose, so the digestion will occur in the stomach and further more finish in the duodenum, (part of the small intestine just under the stomach) so the insides need to have different purposes for the digestion,absorbtion of nutrients occurs largelyin small intestine. They have an average sized stomache in relation to their size, alot of the digestion occurs in the stomach, they have a very short colon and a short and wide small intestine, and their caecum and appendix is poorly developed and for all intensive purposes are not aknowledged. To aid digestion prior to entering the stomach (even though its not part of the digestive system) their teeth, they have long sharp canines for trapping and locking prey in their mouth, and for stabbing, then theres the premolars for cutting and molars for grinding and the carnissals to cut and break. Example: A Tasmanian devil will eat its prey which is swallowed and follows down the oesophagus to the stomach then follows the small intestine to the caecum, then lastly passes through the large intestine,to the anus. Nectar feeding animal: Nectar feeders eat the nectar from plants so therefore they dont have use for teeth, they have a long papillae (hair like tounge) to pick up the nectar. They have a very small stomach because of the nectar only diet, (Nectar being mostly made up of sugar) they dont need to do alot of digestion so stomach isnt put to alot of use, and their intestines arent very long mainly used for degestion of pollen. Example: Honey Possum has a much simpiler digestive system,it only consists of the stomach, intestine then the anus. Vertebrate Herbivore is an animal with a backbone that eats plant matter, it would have a digestive system that consists of a long small intestine, a well developed large caecum, and a long colon, with two types of digestion, depending on the different herbivores hindgut and foregut digestion. The long small intestine is so, because it contains a lot of cellulose and fiber makes up their diet these components are difficult to digest, so therefore herbivores need longer digestive systems to cope with the nutrients. The well developed large caecum is so that the cellulose from the plants can be stored and fermented. The long colon in herbivorous animals, tends to be a highly advanced organ involved in water and electrolyte absorption, vitamin absorbtion and production, and fermentation of fibrous plant materials. The colons of herbivores are usually wider than their small intestine. Vertebrate Carnivore is an animal with a backbone that eats mostly meat, its digestive system would be made up of large stomach, a small non exsistant caecum and appendix and the small intestine, and large intestine. A carnivores saliva does not contain digestive enzymes. Carnivores have a simple (single-chambered) stomach as opposed to Herbivores which can have 4 chambers for example cows. Since most carnivores average a kill only about once a week, a large stomach volume is a plus because it allows them to fill up when eating, taking in as much meat as possible at once which can then be put off to be digested at a later time. A carnivores stomach also secretes powerful digestive enzymes with about 10 times the amount of hydrochloric acid than a human or herbivore. A carnivores small intestine is a tool designed for rapid elimination of food that rots quickly. A carnivores large intestine is relatively short. This passage is also relatively smooth and runs fairly straight so that fatty wastes high in cholesterol can be easily eliminated out before they start to putrefy. The large stomach is useful and big because their diet is mostly protein so most of the digestion will occur in the stomach, and it needs to be large enough. The small non existent caecum and appendix are because those are only used in Herbivores because the meat (protein) in the carnivores diet doesnt need to be fermented like the herbivores they dont require use of the caecum. The large intestine (colon) of carnivores is simple and very short, as its only purposes are to absorb salt and water.

The Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Path of Buddhism An exposition Essay Example

The Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Path of Buddhism: An exposition Essay The Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path are fundamental to Buddhist philosophy. The Four Noble Truths concern themselves with the issue of suffering. It was recognized by Gautam Buddha that suffering is integral to the experience of quotidian life. Human feelings and emotions such as anxiety, dissatisfaction, discomfort, longing, etc are various manifestations of suffering. The acknowledgement of this fundamental fact of existence is the first of the four noble truths. The second noble truth identifies the sources and processes through with suffering arise. Mostly, it is human desires and attachments which are at founts for suffering. The third noble truth recognizes that suffering is not inevitable and that it could be successfully overcome. The fourth noble truth goes is an elaboration on the methods, techniques, attitudes and behaviors through which suffering could be made to cease. Indeed, the Eightfold Path can be seen as an extension of the fourth noble truth, in th at, it sets out various codes of conduct for the ultimate goal of ceasing to suffer any longer. Stated simplistically, the eight precepts of the path are Right View, Right Intention, Right Speech, Right Action, Right Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Mindfulness and Right Concentration. Buddha preached that this mystical conditioning can be attained by any human willing to abide by the path. This state of total immunity from suffering is called the ‘nibbana’. Far from being esoteric mystical theories, the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path are of high practical relevance. Since suffering is a constant theme in all human endeavors, the philosophical tools for dealing with it are valuable. For example, an individual can get ill, he/she may lose employment and fall into poverty, people we love can die and push us into utter grief. In these situations, rather than passively accepting suffering as fate, we can mitigate its impact through an enlightened view of life. Indeed, one of the eight precepts, Right View, is about attaining this enlightened perspective on events and conditions. By cultivating Right View and all the subsequent seven principles, a Buddhist seeker can attain a maturity of looking at the world that would enable him/her to negotiate and overcome suffering. Compassion toward all sentient beings and spiritual wisdom go hand in hand in ceasing to suffer. We will write a custom essay sample on The Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Path of Buddhism: An exposition specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Path of Buddhism: An exposition specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Path of Buddhism: An exposition specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path are fundamental to Buddhist philosophy. The Four Noble Truths concern themselves with the issue of suffering. It was recognized by Gautam Buddha that suffering is integral to the experience of quotidian life. Human feelings and emotions such as anxiety, dissatisfaction, discomfort, longing, etc are various manifestations of suffering. The acknowledgement of this fundamental fact of existence is the first of the four noble truths. The second noble truth identifies the sources and processes through with suffering arise. Mostly, it is human desires and attachments which are at founts for suffering. The third noble truth recognizes that suffering is not inevitable and that it could be successfully overcome. The fourth noble truth goes is an elaboration on the methods, techniques, attitudes and behaviors through which suffering could be made to cease. Indeed, the Eightfold Path can be seen as an extension of the fourth noble .